请翻译一下这段摘自金融杂志的英文，谢谢（拒绝机器翻译）

1. 请翻译一下这段摘自金融杂志的英文，谢谢（拒绝机器翻译）

以上的结论要求能够求出基于信息的大股东最优交易量，因为这决定着她需要多少信息。凯尔模型（1985）需要一般流动性交易者的需求以及正常的公司价值，从而获得私有信息交易。大多数采用凯尔模型的公司会采用二元公司价值（这个应该就是指实体价值和虚拟价值——十一月的雨按），因此无法内在地求出交易量；所以他们只能依靠外生量，即必须与初始持股独立的量。本文提供了一种方法，在知道公司价值后，将流动性交易者的指数性需求引入凯尔模型，从而能够进行私有信息交易。这可能会对今后公司利用凯尔模型融资有实用意义。
本文中的大股东不同于以往的模型，在以往的模型中，大股东可以通过直接干预，比如推动重组或者否决小项目，来增加价值。本文中，大股东可以提升公司价值，尽管他们无法干预（通过“有发言权”），并只能交易（通过“退出”）。这种同书本的背离在经验上会起到激励作用。美国的大股东很少进行干预，因为他们一般都较小，且面临着法律制度门槛。着重于控制的退出式模型很难解释这种非控制性大股东在企业管理中的角色，这证明了其如此流行的原因。

2. 金融资讯翻译（从中文翻译到英文）

Strategy: policy, economy and liquidity are conducive to the performance in the third quarter. Cyclical industry fundamentals did not reverse, it is recommended that the layout of national security industry and the high quality growth, recommend direction of military industry, information security and new technology, such as: energy vehicles, robots and 3 d printing, intelligent life.
Non-bank financial: continue to recommend brokerage and insurance sectors, to maintain the trend of the middle plate up judgment is changeless, periodic callback will be a good time to buy, strongly recommend the yuan securities on stocks and the Pacific, the rest continue to recommend citic, haitong, gf, merchants, and peace, and the Pacific.
Real estate: 39 cities last week turnover dropped to previous level, after a week in stock hit a new high, but to change period by two weeks, improved; Where the policy of housing to relax; Maintain plate "recommended" rating.
Beauty holding: shale oil performance an inflection point in the third quarter, raising complete, scroll to buy oil and gas bullish on the future of the business, continue to first beauty.
望采纳

3. 请金融英语或者英语高手帮忙把这段文字翻译成英文，不要用翻译软件直译

Since China has joined the WTO, especially after the 2006, China bank industry is developing rapidly, and it is closely standing in world financial maelstrom. In the environment of economic  globalization, a large groups of foreign banks has established commercial financial institutions  and developed bank business in China, then making both China and foreign banks in a competive situation. China banks is also suffering a huge stress of competition while improving the banks in our country to internationalization. Moreover, with the development of foreign banks in China,  the banks competition is becoming more intense. Talents competition is one of the aspects. In recent years, it has come out a phenomenon of brain drain in China banks. In facing these  challenges, if the commercial banks of our country want to retain talents and improve their own  competiveness, constructing a scientific and effective incentive mechanism plays a vital role.   For this reason, there will be a summary of the incentive mechanism current sitution and an  analysis of the problems existing in current incentive mechanism for China commercial banks in this article. I will also propose my own view for the measures of completing the incentive mechanism in China's commercial banks, as well as exploring an incentive mechanism which is suitable for applying to China's commercial banks by combining the developing trends of current commercial banks, thus  making our commercial banks get a leg up on intense talents   competition and raising the overall lever of development.
 
纯手工翻译，希望帮到你。

4. 谁帮我找2篇金融类论文 要英文翻译过来的 英文 汉语对照的！！谢谢~~~发邮箱407308879@qq.com

　　关于边缘金融业务发展研究
　　摘　要: 边缘金融业务发展中存在着诸如游离于监管之外、容易引发经济纠纷、从业人员专业知识不足等问题。今后, 要以形成多元化金融体系、建立充分竞争的金融秩序为目标,促使正常边缘金融业务在合法化环境下得到充分发展; 从稳定和发展地方经济的大局出发,共同强化边缘金融业务的行业管理, 努力建设良好的金融生态环境; 按照市场要求对我国现行银行业制度进行重新安排。

　　关键词: 边缘金融业务; 金融机构; 企业

　　相对正规金融而言,那些自发于民众之间,游离于金融机构之外、游走于政策法规边缘,具有资金借贷性质的资金融通行为,称为边缘金融业务。

　　目前,边缘金融业务融资行为已经从当初的以其本人合法收入出借给另一特定方,目的是解决借款人一时的生产生活需要,演变成为以获利为目的的信用借款、担保及有价证券抵(质)押融资、动产或不动产抵押借款、企业集资、社会公众集资、高利贷等隐性借贷业务。可以肯定,边缘金融业务作为民间资金调剂的方式,对解决部分企业和居民生产生活中的资金需求起到了一定的积极作用,特别是其急、频、短的特征,弥补了金融服务的不足,一定程度上缓解了小企业融资难的压力。但边缘金融业务发展中存在着突出的问题,必须加以规范管理。

　　一、边缘金融业务迅速发展的原因

　　从企业融资角度看,边缘金融业务的存在有其客观性和体制性原因。从个人投资角度看,金融市场目前缺少有吸引力的投资品种和投资渠道,从而为边缘金融业务提供了大量资金来源。此外,国家对存款利率的管制,以及国有商业银行网点特别是县域网点的收缩撤并也推动了边缘金融业务的较快发展。

　　(一)县域个体、民营等小企业发展迅速,融资缺口较大

　　改革开放以来,我国小企业发展十分迅速,尤其是在县域和基层地区,小企业数量占全社会企业总数90%以上,产值占GDP的比重已由过去不到1%提高到目前的1 /3。但是,目前小企业贷款在全国主要银行业金融机构各项贷款中占比不高,距离小企业贷款的实际需求还有很大差距。虽说经过几年的发展,小企业已经摆脱了发展初期财务管理不正规、信息管理不透明状况,走上了规范化轨道,自我约束力不断增强,但这并没有改变有关商业银行经营管理者的印象,银行、尤其是国有商业银行贷款大客户集中的取向,使银行越来越脱离了广大小企业特别是微小企业,成为大企业的私人银行,致使小企业融资缺口起来越大,给边缘金融业务发展带来了生存空间。

　　(二)金融机构对企业和个人的融资渠道并不十分通畅

　　目前,国有商业银行经营战略在逐步面向“重点客户、重点项目、重点地区、重点产品”,并出于安全性的考虑,不但大大上收了贷款权限,还在信贷管理上实行了严格准入管理制度,股份制商业银行和地方性商业银行也存在“抓大放小”的倾向,这使得小企业、小客户贷款难度加大,而且由于大部分县域中小企业难以具备目前银行规定的贷款条件,很难提供银行贷款所需要的担保或抵质押,尽而很难得到银行、信用社的信贷支持,不得不支付高于银行利息从边缘金融业务进行融资。

　　(三)银行业信息收集过分注重硬件信息,忽视“软信息”在信贷管理中的作用,使不少具有能力和意愿的中小企业被拒之门外

　　边缘金融业务经营者非常重视借方“软信息”的收集,他们依靠人缘、地缘等关系获取相关信息,从而有效解决了借贷双方信息不对称的问题。这些“软信息”较之标准的企业“硬信息”(财务报表、抵押担保及信用纪录等) ,对正确决策的作用更大。而目前我国银行往往只注重收集企业的财务报表、抵质押情况等“硬信息”,忽视对借款人的人品、还款意愿等“软信息”的考查,导致不少有还款能力和意愿的借款人被拒之门外。同时,正在发展的中小企业由于缺乏可抵押的财产,且嫌办理有效抵押或担保的手续繁琐,收费偏高,贷款审批时间长、环节多,因而不得不考虑边缘金融业务融资。

　　(四)银行业激励与约束制度的执行标准过高、过严

　　近几年,各银行纷纷上收贷款权限,实行严格的信贷审批和考核制度,部分商业银行甚至不切实际地追求新增贷款“零风险”和“100%的收贷收息率”,片面实行“贷款责任终身追究制”。由于信贷权限上收,了解中小企业“软信息”的基层信贷员没有贷款权力,却要承担100%的收贷收息责任;而远离企业“软信息”的上级行凭企业“硬信息”决定是否贷款。其后果是信贷人员贷款越多,收回的风险就越大,导致基层银行机构慎贷、惜贷、惧贷,使得一些发展前景良好的中小企业无法获取银行贷款,不得不转向边缘金融业务市场融资。由于商业银行上收贷款权,贷款审批主体远离申请主体,从而加剧了借贷双方的信息不对称,延长了贷款审批时间。而县域中小企业贷款一般都具有时间急、频率高、数额小的特点,许多企业和个体工商户不得不求助边缘金融业务。

5. 金融类翻译，请高手帮忙，翻译机勿扰。

Because the attachment exceeds the limitation of E-mail, I send it to you in two E-mail. Please check and accept.
    According to the customers' requirements, there will be three documents should be filled in when your company confirm the business. These are as follows,
 1. Confirm the accepted price in the files of the attachment 1.
 2. If your company also offer other companies with the merchandise about this business, you need to fill in the file in the attachment 2. 
 3. Please sign in our contract. 
这是我自己翻译的
希望对您有所帮助

6. 谁来帮我用英文翻译下面这段话 非常感谢 这是我市场金融的论文里的一段 很重要 赏分50 要求：用专业词汇

In view of an obviously sluggish economy and a worsening global financial crisis, which was accompanied by a deteriorating economic and financial environment, both commercial credits and economic activities dwindled substantially. In response, the Reserve Bank rapidly adjusted its monetary policy for the second half of 2008 by injecting a huge amount of liquidity through its open market operation in early August. As a result, the tight interbank market eased a bit and the interbank rate was lowered by about 50 basis points.

In order to mitigate the impact of the financial storm and prevent the development trend of the Australian economy from turning into a landslide, the Reserve Bank of Australia took various measures, including a substantial increase in the liquidity in the open market, an increase in the types of buybacks and an extension of the scope of collaterals to be bought back. To ensure that these monetary policies would be translated into real economnic effects promptly, the Reserve Bank joined hands with the Australian federal government to press on the banking sector of the country, calling upon all financial institutes to simultaneously pass on relevant information of rate cuts to their respective borrowers.

7. 求翻译金融的资料

您好，翻译如下：

With China's rapid economic development and the improvement of the international status of RMB.The internationalization of RMB becomes feasible, while the state also gradually develops RMB internationalization work. Especially after the financial crisis in 2008, the U.S. dollar-dominated international monetary system, the financial system in Europe and America has been badly effected, but our country's financial system is relatively stable and safe,greatly enhanced the international influence of RMB. This article embarks from the theory by using empirical analysis, learningfrom other countries' chosen paths of currency internationalization, analysing the internationalization strategy of Renminbi after the financial crisis and the problems that may be encountered, and various possible ways.
The article is divided into four parts, first, introducing what is internationalization of RMB and the purpose and significance of the internationalization of RMB. Second, introducing the basic theory related to the internationalization of RMB. Third,analysing the processes of the realization of other countries' internationalization of currency. Fourth, analysing how to realize the internationalization of RMB and the paths to reach it at the current period especially after the financial crisis.

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8. 求金融英语翻译

Examples are money transmission facilities and advice on corporate finance in the case of banks, life assurance cover in the case of insurance companies.
例如，各银行提供的资金往来业务（facilities 银行业务、服务项目一般都用这个词）与企业融资咨询业务，以及各保险公司提供的人寿保险业务。
in the case of banks 指涉及银行时的情况
n the case of insurance companies 指涉及保险公司时的情况。